As astrology (Greek ἄστρον, astron, “star”, λόγος, logos, “theory”) a number of lessons are referred to which the claim is shared, from the positions of celestial bodies, events, fate and personality traits of people interpret and partly prognosis in more detail to determine to. Basis for interpretation in the western astrology horoscope, the zodiac, aspects of the heavenly bodies (sun, moon and planets) from geocentric view, houses or fields, and in some schools, individual stars.
The origins of western astrology are in Babylonia, Assyria and Egypt. The oldest document is the ancient Egyptian Naos of the Decades of the fourth century BC dar. In still used today in the 2nd Broad century AD, the tide of Claudius Ptolemy formulated in his Tetrabiblos. to be distinguished from the western astrology, the Chinese, Indian and American old-astrology.
In the same way as Christianity spread in Europe and drove back to the polytheism of the ancient, deserted the astrological teachings in the Christian hemisphere. It was only during the Renaissance (14th-17th centuries), astrology, and was a rebirth to the 17th Century understood as into science. During the Age of Enlightenment, this changed, and astrology was increasingly viewed as irrational and outdated superstition. It has gained new popularity in the late 19th Century under British Theosophists by Alan Leo. In Germany, a similar development takes from the 1910s.
Scientific studies have shown that there is no detectable relationship between elements of astrology and interpretation of human qualities such as intelligence or personality. Even in the prediction of future events cut from astrologers no better than random guessing. From a scientific point of view be attributed to the views of astrologers in the New Age or the para-or pseudo-science .
Etymology
The suffix-logy (Greek λόγος, logos, “teaching”) usually points to a pure science, while the ending-autonomy (Greek νόμος, nomos “law”) is usually application-specific areas designated. A historic counter-example to this rule is the scientific astronomy, which spun out actually and conceptually from the non-scientific astrology.
Belief in astrology
The assumption that the astronomical snapshot permit from geocentric view of constellations to the time of birth represented in a horoscope, general and specific statements about the mental and spiritual quality of an individual as well as the fate of influence, from antiquity to the present day the world view of astrology. Astrologers might mean by rules of interpretation events and life processes can examine a meaningful way to what is to be determined at birth, or what shape you are or how to change his fate, or even escape him. Depending on cultural background, many astrological views with religious and philiosophischen ideas have blended. A common belief has established itself not in the course of the last 2000 years, therefore. They range, for example between two positions that follow the causal or final thoughts. The causal position is inter alia represented by Claudius Ptolemy. Thereafter, the stars have no power over the people, but with all its shortcomings are its research notes on God’s providence and God placed warning signs that call for caution, to repent and pray. God can always break the causality. [5] formulated in spirit as Thomas Aquinas, “The wise man rules the stars.”
The oriented in psychology today astrology is of predictive astrology skeptical to hostile, and pays special attention to the “free will” and the “development opportunity” of man, while the individual is in part deterministic astrological his interpretable dispositions, talents and weaknesses is bound. The most representative of this trend relates to the depth psychology of Carl Gustav Jung, in which the synchronicity plays a significant role. Then events fall by an individual together symbolically happens that they seem to give a meaningful statement. Astrologers have called these erweitertet acausal events on the astronomical constellations. Similarly, it is all planets after gods (such as Uranus and Neptune) have been appointed to act on a random proper names, which by so-called archetypes of a collective unconscious adopted was determined. This view affects the central interpretation, astrology attempts to track down because the archetypes in the specific environment of the infants who appear to be connected by a chain of analogy to each other logically. Thus astrology is replaced by the idea of a causal effect, as has been attributed in ancient times the gods of astronomical factors on people. The philosopher Hans Driesch spoke of astrology as a lesson “acausal correlations”.
The final position is based on determination and destiny. The life of every human being striving to a certain destination, according to investment-related personality development. Below is understood that the human life from beginning to contain a plan that is realized by the growth and involves responsibility for their own actions. The life plan is similar to a blueprint of a house that is by building, ie, by activity and allocation of resources is a reality. This model of explanation is similar to the ideas of genetics. While this refers to the genetic factors of the ancestors, the finalist astrology relates to astronomical factors that get in the chart is a representation.
The horoscope, its elements and interpretation
Main Article: Horoscope
In astrology, the positions of the planets are from each other (see issues) made at a given time (see chart) interpretations by certain rules. These are derived from the respective astrological study, specialization and schools. For example, is derived from the horoscope of a detailed birth timing statements about personality traits and fateful events in the life of a person or certain times of the year be concluded from the favorable or unfavorable constellations of the horoscope, for planned projects particularly advantageous or disadvantageous to affect companies evaluated. The basis for the Western horoscope is the zodiac, which is about the 4th Century we know it is proved the beginning results from the vernal equinox and 0 ° corresponds to the Astrology zone ram. The calculation is based on the equinoxes and solstices. The entire zodiac is composed of twelve segments to 30 °, each of which corresponds to a zodiac sign. In particular, the behavior characteristics of a person are interpreted from the respective position of the sun in a particular Astrology zone. In addition to the positions of the heavenly bodies to each other and the positions in the zodiac, the positions in the houses are used for interpretation.
Different chart types
Some geocentric chart types include:
- Birth Chart: It is the interpretation basis for the description of the personality characteristics and fate of a human or another animal.
- Elektionshoroskop: It creates an arbitrary point in the future and will help you choose cheap “Constellations” for planned projects, which are favorable towards the project. In classical astrology and in the Middle Ages was that kind of an important branch of astrology that was used before major political events and also for the time an act of war as Orakle.
- Horoscope partnership (also relationship chart, synastry): This should provide information about the relationship between people and institutions (comparing state charts), including the relationship between business associates, colleagues, between a parent and child or between siblings.
- Newspaper Horoscopes: Horoscopes, published in newspapers and magazines. The inventor is the Briton R.H. Naylor. On 24 August 1930 Naylor published in the Sunday Express, “a detailed chart of the newborn Princess Margaret and said in the same post different events ahead for the current week. Naylor published on 31 August a follow-up with birthday-related astrological predictions to people who were born in September. On 5 October was followed by a corresponding article for People with birthday in October. As of 12 October turned into a weekly column. References to the zodiac signs containing the column from 1935. Later, Naylor said his predictions no longer in months, but after the date range of each zodiac sign. This publication format for charts was gradually adopted by many newspapers and magazines and is still in use.
Planets (stars)
The classic, in geocentric astrology knows resulting seven stars: Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, ruling the zodiac.
This interpretation has been enhanced by modern astrologers not only about the planets Uranus and Neptune and the dwarf planet Pluto, occasionally, other dwarf planets and asteroids, for example (1) Ceres and (4) Vesta, have been used. Almost every planet is considered to be Regent of one or more signs of the zodiac, their properties in accordance with the effect of the planet seen. The symbols of the stars are astronomical and astrological with ancient gods or heroes connected, whose names they bear (eg, Roman Venus, Aphrodite Greek or Mesopotamian Ishtar). Even before the classical antiquity were attributed, for example, in Babylonia individual celestial bodies certain properties that occurred then in each case as a god in allegories and narratives.
Zodiac signs
Main article: zodiac
In the tropical zodiac, the twelve zodiac signs, commonly known as zodiac, each 30 ° in size. The ephemerides for the stars included the exact location in the zodiac, and its amount to the (imaginary) horizon. Since moving because of the precession of the Earth’s axis, the zodiac sign against the stars, which include most of the Virgo-born actually came to the world when the sun was in Leo. Astrologers in the Greek (Western) tradition but do not operate with the (sidereal) constellations, but with the (tropical) zodiac. In Indian astrology, the star images are preferred to the zodiac. According to astrological opinion, the name of the character symbol of the properties contained in them. The astrological use of the doctrine of elements, which goes back to Aristotle, and even the medieval alchemy (earth, fire, water, air) was influenced projected in Greek times to the zodiac. These four elements are reflected in the temperaments of Hippocrates. They reflect a basic four-unit, and in conjunction with the Trinity, called the mobility (the behavior is active, passive or reactive, thus acting to suffer or Offenders), results in the twelve signs, in which each with an item to a Zodiac sign is combined (for example, lion: with passive fire). The twelve signs are also still divided into two sexes, alternately in succession in the zodiac.
Houses or fields
The exact timing and the geographical location for which a geocentric chart is calculated to determine the position of the “Houses”, also called fields, which is calculated from the snapshot of the Earth’s rotation. The houses are the representation of the geocentric perspective from a geographical point on the zodiac. The Ekliptikgrad that rises just above the horizon is the Ascendant (Asz.) called, marks the start of the first house. There are three houses to the point of the lower culmination of the zodiac, that is the lowest point below the horizon, then three houses by just setting point of the zodiac (Descendant, DC), three houses to the upper culmination, and finally three houses back to the ascendant. Because of the angle of about 23 ° 26 ‘between the Earth’s orbital plane and the equator, the houses generally on the ecliptic are different.
Figuratively, one can imagine the homes as one in twelve equal pieces in the usual manner sliced orange rind, and stem approach and remains of the flower of the orange are exactly on the northern and southern point of the horizon, a cut line from north to south is the sky along and under the earth back to the north, one along the horizon, and on each side or two cuts in between. However, the spacing of the planets to the ecliptic at the mostly houses assignment is not considered.
Depending on the astrological houses are calculated according to the school systems, which lead to different results. The above is the system of Camp anus. Other systems are the .. of Regimentation, Placid us de Titos and Walter Koch When the system is often used equalizes houses from the ascendant of the same size are presented in 30 ° sections. For the other systems, the houses are used depending on the projection plane (the plane of section in the Orange image) of different sizes. The interpretation of the houses will therefore depending on the system often to statements that are not consistent.
Just as the zodiac sign be awarded in the interpretation of various characteristics and the sky lights (planets, sun, moon) different properties, so are the houses represent different areas of life (I am, I have, I think, I feel like) in which the presence there zodiac signs and planets according to noticeable. This fields are assigned in sequence in symbolic analogy to the properties of the Zodiac, beginning with Aries, the houses.
Aspects
main article: Aspect (astrology)
The distance between two horoscope factors, such as the planet is given by angle. Some angle is ascribed a special significance, including those primarily caused by the division of the 360 degrees of the circle by whole numbers. These angles are called aspects and charts often located as connecting lines. According to astrological opinion is limited the effectiveness of aspects not to the exact angle distances, which are almost never given. Rather, it is allowed around them a variance, the so-called Orbis, which can vary in size depending on the astrological school. More recent views are based on a continuous decrease in the effectiveness of the distance from the exact value. Introduced by Alfred Witte midpoints take particular account of the symmetry properties of the aspects .
History of Astrology
“Astronomy and astrology in ancient times were closely connected with each other. The differentiation of the two subjects were known at that time. The astronomy took care of the par documentation and astrology, the meaning interpretation of rhythmic events in the sky. The two linked areas of knowledge were reserved for the priesthood. “[11]
Originally there was the idea that the stars represented divine ruling figures, which in its interpretation as a “state astrology” the fate of the stars associated with the community, first evidence in the ancient Egyptian Slenderness, Babylonian and later in the calendar omen. Only in the middle of the 1st Millennium BC, won the faith shape the destiny of the individual is read with the help of the horoscope. This was associated with divination and individualization of education in the Hellenistic area.
Astronomy and astrology used cultures
As the oldest document of the sky ideas is the “crest of the King Wadj” from the first Dynasty in ancient Egypt. [12] More tangible is the cosmology in the Pyramid Texts, the rise of the late king of the sky have focused on the content. The sky was the place where the most important deities, the iconography appeared in its initial phase, only in animal phenomena. The Coffin Texts of the Middle Kingdom took over the descriptions of the celestial sphere from the Pyramid Texts to decorative. Under Sesostris III. devoted to the restructuring of the so-called Book of Nut, the Egyptians called the “floor plan of the barrel of the stars” and it dates to at least date back to the Thirteenths (beginning of the third millennium BC).
The introduction of the Egyptian calendar management is based on the earlier form of the Sottish calendar and extends at least back in the fifth millennium BC. In the helical rising of Sirius, the goddess embodied Sophie, people realized the context of the forthcoming inundation. Many forecasts for the policy was sought from the position of this star to derive. A based on the four cardinal directions pyramids should serve as a ramp for the soul of the Pharaoh at the heavenly ascent, the Ba after his earthly death in the new manifestation of Bakunin as a bright star to the Retch abet (limits of the sky) rose.
Starting with astronomical observations in the third millennium BC, the Sumerians created in the second millennium BC the figurative in Ur or Urdu temple steps, the stories the “seven stars” Moon, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn should allow the priests and symbolized the connection to the gods. Constellations were named, the sky was divided into three sections, a sidereal lunar zodiac was known. They thought that the movement of the stars taking place by divine influence. The name of Chaldean Babylonians became synonymous with astrologer.
In the late period of Egypt emerged a new form of astrological terminology in the demotic language, which built on ancient Egyptian records as the basis and were associated with sporadic omen-like scores from the early days, for example, have been solar and lunar eclipses described as “swallowing the sky.” Traditionally been the origin of astrological concepts with Mesopotamia and Greece was connected, but Egypt marginalized. The analyzed Egyptian texts points in a different direction. The Mesopotamian writings first came to Egypt and mingled with religious and astronomical templates from Alexandria. A clear example is still in use symbols of Zodiacal, the well in demotic sources in Greece are at first only sporadically attested. Another unique case is available from the deans.
In the course developed a twelve-part system which merged as the dean of instruction with the assumed Mesopotamian zodiac astrology. In this initial phase were two competing naming systems in use, “Ari N” as “house N” and “riveting N” as “The N” Herodotus confirm statements about ancient Egyptian Calender addition, the early astrological concepts.:
“Furthermore, the Egyptians have also been found first, which month and day is sacred to the various gods and the fates which end and what the character of this or that day will have babies. Greek poets have accepted these things as well. And sign the Egyptians have found out far more than any other Walker.Winn anything unusual happens, be aware of the consequences and write to them. In a similar incident in the future, they then believe it would happen again the same consequences. “
Herodotus
The Egyptian-astrological terminology is well in Demotic, Greek and Latin and Sanskrit testified. In the Mesopotamian area, however, these forms are unknown. As the “inventor” of the particular text structure, therefore, only the Egyptians in question. [16] formulations, sentence structure, also refer to the typical pattern in the Pyramid Texts. Add to this the fact that the ancient astrological treatises always the teachings attributed to Egyptian authors.
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